There are several diseases that cause of endocarditis and usually are abnormalities of heart disease itself. Several predisposing or precipitating factors, including:
- Rheumatic heart disease.
- Congenital heart disease. And included in the leaky heart disease in them.
- Prosthetic heart valve. Usually in patients who have cardiac surgery, in order to replace a heart valve using prosthetic heart valves.
- Sclerotic heart disease.
- Mitral valve prolapse (MVP / Mitral Valve Prolapse).
- Post-heart surgery.
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
Common symptoms of patients with endocarditis, usually found things like the following:
- Fever. Because of the infection. Fever in endocarditis can be continuous or irregular at all. Temperature 38-40 C occur in the afternoons and evenings, sometimes with chills and sweats a lot.
- Anemia. Anemia often occurs in longstanding endocarditis.
- Enlargement of the spleen and liver. It just does not always happen in every case.
Specific symptoms in Endocarditis
- Shortness of breath.
- Tachycardia. (Pulse above normal).
- Cyanosis. (Bluish due to lack of oxygenation).
- Clubbing of the finger. Usually once typical in congenital heart defects, which is closely related to endocarditis.
- Heart failure. Abnormalities and until the occurrence of heart failure is usually in the later stages of endocarditis, and is more common in aortic insufficiency and mitral insufficiency, rare in the pulmonary and tricuspid valve disorders and congenital non valvular heart disease.
Of course, every kind of disease will cause a lot of signs and symptoms, whether it's a sign of specific symptoms or common. Both organs are attacked for signs or symptoms that can be found in the patient's body endocarditis.
Nursing Care Plan for Endocarditis
Anxiety related to Endocarditis
Anxious related to the fear of death, the decline in health status, situations of crisis, and the threat or health changes.
Purpose: reduced anxiety.
Expected outcomes:
- the client will reveal reduced anxiety,
- the client will know the feeling,
- the client can identify the cause or the factors that influence it,
- the client cooperative towards action and face relaxed.
1. Assist the client to express feelings of anger, loss, and fear.
R /: Anxious sustainable impact on subsequent heart attack.
2. Assess verbal and nonverbal signs of anxiety, accompany the client, and take action if the client shows the destructive behavior.
R / Reaction verbal / non-verbal can show a sense of agitation, anger, and anxiety.
3. Start taking action to reduce anxiety. Give a quiet environment and an atmosphere of rest.
R /: Reduce unnecessary external stimuli.
4. Orient the client to routine procedures and activities are expected.
R /: Orientation can reduce anxiety.
5. Give the client a chance to express anxiety.
R /: Can eliminate the anxious tension that is not expressed.
6. Provide privacy for the clients and people nearby.
R /: Giving time to express feelings, relieve anxiety, and behavioral adaptation.
Their families and friends who have been selected by the client, it will experience activities and redirects (eg, reading) will decrease the sense of isolation.
7. Collaborate: give antianxiety as indicated.
R /: Eliminate and reduce anxiety.
Knowledge Deficit related to Endocarditis
Knowledge Deficit (about the conditions and actions) related to the lack of information about the disease process, prevention of complications.
Purpose: the fulfillment of the client's knowledge about disease conditions.
Expected outcomes:
- Reveal understanding of the infection process, action is needed with possible complications.
- Knowing the changes in lifestyle / behavior to prevent complications.
1. Explain the emotional effects of inflammation in the heart of the individual. Give a description of the symptoms and signs of complications should be immediately reported to the health workers such as fever, increase in chest pain were outstanding.
R /: To be responsible for their health. The client requires an understanding of the causes, actions and long-term effects that may occur in inflammatory conditions, both the signs and symptoms or complications.
2. Tell the patient / person nearby on dose, the rules, and the effects of treatment.
R /: Information on the need to improve self-care, to add clarity to the effectiveness of treatment, and prevention of complications.
3. Identify measures to prevent endocarditis such as: good dental care, prevent the patient from being contaminated infections (particularly respiratory infections).
R /: Bacteria commonly found in the mouth. On the gums can enter the systemic circulation. The development of infections, especially streptococcal and pneumococcal or influenza increases the possibility of the risk of heart problems.
4. Adhere immunizations such as influenza vaccine as indicated.
R /: Reducing the risk of infection that can cause infection.
